The Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) on Tuesday, August 18, disclosed that findings from an industry-wide investigation conducted by it suggested manipulation of prices of cement in the Nigerian market.
It added that in various instances, a bag of cement was sold for as high as N15,000 in some parts of the country, which corroborated its claim of manipulation, especially by one of the cement producers.
This, the FCCPC said, is the preliminary summation of the 40-page field reports collated following a three-month cross-border study by the Anticompetitive Practices Department (ACP) of the commission, undertaken in response to widespread public complaints over the high cost of cement.
It said during the field work, concerns were raised over the comparatively high retail price of cement in Nigeria compared with other countries in Africa, despite the country’s substantial limestone deposits, significant domestic production capacity and reported surplus installed capacity relative to domestic consumption.
“Significantly, all the major cement manufacturers in the country cooperated with the commission by making their records available except one of them.
“Publicly available estimates indicate that three major undertakings account for more than 90 per cent of installed production capacity in the country.
“The ACP investigations extended to markets in Sub-Saharan Africa like Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa as well as Egypt, Morocco and Algeria.
“Metrics adopted included the availability of limestone, the basic raw material for cement production, as well as other variables such as population, production capacity and consumption.
“In Kenya, for instance, the 58.6 million population (76% lower than Nigeria’s) has domestic cement demand of approximately 9.3m MTPA (metric tonne per annum) in 2025. Retail price in Nairobi is $5.40 (N7,344). Kenya is endowed with limestone.
“In Tanzania, with population of 66.3 million (72% lower than Nigeria’s) and the domestic cement demand is 9.3m MTPA (2025), a bag of cement sells for $4.80 (N6,528).
“In Togo, a bag sells for $6.75 (N9,180). Significantly, Togo does not have limestone deposit.
“Comparatively, in Nigeria, market intelligence reviewed by the commission shows that the retail price of a 50kg bag of cement rose significantly during the first half of 2026.
“A bag reportedly selling for between N9,300 and N9,700 in January was selling for between N10,500 and N13,000 by mid-year. By July, prices of between N13,000 and N15,000 were reported in some parts of the country.
“The commission’s survey indicates that Nigeria has installed cement production capacity of more than 60 to 65 million metric tonnes annually, while estimated domestic consumption is approximately 25 to 30 million metric tonnes. Nigeria is also a net exporter of cement to neighbouring markets.
“Of particular concern to the commission is that this level of production capacity has not resulted in the downward pressure on domestic prices that might ordinarily be expected in a competitive market with substantial excess capacity.
“Information provided by industry participants has identified energy costs, depreciation of the naira and its effect on imported machinery and spare parts, as well as transportation and logistics costs, among the factors contributing to cement prices. The commission is testing these explanations against verified information on costs, production, pricing and market conditions.
“Accordingly, the FCCPC has issued Notices of Commencement of Investigation and Summons to Produce to the key players in the sector.”
